Both Functions and MiniSteps devices feature a pair of simple MIDI and audio effects, mainly designed as control sources for Ableton Live parameters and external instruments.

Control sources available in Functions are set from two editable waveforms, both played as an LFO or a complex envelope that is triggered by incoming MIDI notes. MiniSteps offers a different approach, allowing control values to be set from its three independent eight-step sequencers. Once defined, these sources and their overall behaviour can range from absolute precision to total randomness, and everything in between.

Parameters are then distributed at will across five output layers, assigned by individual Map buttons, or linked to other devices using any of the available MIDI message formats. These are particularly useful when working with instruments like Sampler, Operator, Meld or Wavetable, all of which offer a versatile modulation section for very specific parameters that otherwise would not support MIDI mapping nor clip automation.

Depending on what external instrument or device is receiving the information, sources can be formatted as:

• CC or Control Change. This type of message always feature two different yet simple elements. These are used by the receiver to identify what specific parameter is now being controlled and what is that parameter’s new state or position after the message is received. In this case, values are defined by the incoming source and the number is determined by the CC X box that is displayed when this format is chosen.
• PB or Pitch Bend. Generally used to bend an instrument’s pitch up and down, but its effect ultimately depends on how the receiver is configured to interpret this specific type of message.
• MW or Modulation Wheel.
• FC or Foot Control.
• AT or Aftertouch.
• Off prevents a row’s MIDI information from being output. Its Map function still remains independent.